02748cam a2200337 4500 592077306 TxAuBib 20220725120000.0 ||||||s2009||||||||||||||||||||||||und|u 9781400194704 1400194709 4ed1a7f6-27bf-44ee-be77-65ccd9c03886 OverDrive (Reserve ID) 270164 OverDrive (Product ID) TxAuBib Stark, Rodney. God's Battalions [Libby Audiobook] : The Case for the Crusades. Tantor Media, Inc., 2009. Format: OverDrive OverDrive MP3 Audiobook, Filesize: 220MB. Format: OverDrive OverDrive Listen, Filesize: 220MB. HTML:In God's Battalions, award-winning author Rodney Stark takes on the long-held view that the Crusades were the first round of European colonialism, conducted for land, loot, and converts by barbarian Christians who victimized the cultivated Muslims. To the contrary, Stark argues that the Crusades were the first military response to unwarranted Muslim terrorist aggression. Stark reviews the history of the seven major Crusades from 1095 to 1291, demonstrating that the Crusades were precipitated by Islamic provocations, centuries of bloody attempts to colonize the West, and sudden attacks on Christian pilgrims and holy places. Although the Crusades were initiated by a plea from the pope, Stark argues that this had nothing to do with any elaborate design of the Christian world to convert all Muslims to Christianity by force of arms. Given current tensions in the Middle East and terrorist attacks around the world, Stark's views are a thought-provoking contribution to our understanding and are sure to spark debate.. Nonfiction. History. Media Type: Audiobook. Importer Version: 2014-01-08.01 Import Date: 2022-07-25 20:00:03. Drummond, David. https://excerpts.cdn.overdrive.com/FormatType-25/1219-1/270164-GodsBattalions.wma Excerpt (OverDrive MP3 Audiobook) https://excerpts.cdn.overdrive.com/FormatType-425/1219-1/270164-GodsBattalions.mp3 Excerpt (OverDrive MP3 Audiobook) https://samples.overdrive.com/?crid=4ED1A7F6-27BF-44EE-BE77-65CCD9C03886&.epub-sample.overdrive.com Excerpt (OverDrive MP3 Audiobook) https://excerpts.cdn.overdrive.com/FormatType-25/1219-1/270164-GodsBattalions.wma Excerpt (OverDrive Listen) https://excerpts.cdn.overdrive.com/FormatType-425/1219-1/270164-GodsBattalions.mp3 Excerpt (OverDrive Listen) https://samples.overdrive.com/?crid=4ED1A7F6-27BF-44EE-BE77-65CCD9C03886&.epub-sample.overdrive.com Excerpt (OverDrive Listen)